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Holistic Training

The whole is greater than the sum of its parts (1). This is known as holistic: The information contained in the system as a whole is greater than the sum of the information of each part analyzed individually.

The word holistic comes from the Greek ὅλος [hólos] which means “everything,” “whole,” “totality.” Hence the concept of holistic refers to understand things as a whole and in relation to their own environment. So in isolation would be not possible of understanding.

Holistic training is a working methodology based on the combination of the concepts of sport training and the concepts of complexity theory. It can be used both in formation stages, in high performance stages, as well as orientation for improving health.

Natural and sport reality show us that in their different levels (including the brain), structure, form, and functionality evolve over time and are closely related to performance (2-12). This is the result of an evolutionary process through non-linear interactions in many biological and non-biological systems (13-18).

Holistic training is based on designing exercises with non-linear outputs (several solutions) that evolve from exercises of great symmetry (less complicated and more “automated”) to less symmetrical exercises (more complicated and less mechanized). Uncertainty is the creative basis of the process.

The aim is the introduction of controlled physical and cognitive stimuli (perturbations) in order to increase self-organization of the system (improvement of the different brain areas, muscular system, nervous system, etc.). In addition to improve the relationship of the system with what surrounds it. The tasks are developed in parallel to the processes of cognitive perception.

What we seek is the improvement of the unit and the relationship with its environment.

References

  1. Aristóteles Metafísica 1:7 Refutación de las opiniones de los antiguos tocante a los principios.
  2. K. Mainzer, Symmetry And Complexity: The Spirit And Beauty Of Nonlinear Science (World Scientific, 2005).
  3. J. M. García Manso et al., Male powerlifting performance described from the viewpoint of complex systems. Journal of Theoretical Biology. 251, 498–508 (2008).
  4. K. Yarrow, P. Brown, J. W. Krakauer, Inside the brain of an elite athlete: the neural processes that support high achievement in sports. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 10, 585–596 (2009).
  5. J. D. Charles, A. Bejan, The evolution of speed, size and shape in modern athletics. J Exp Biol. 212, 2419–2425 (2009).
  6. H. V. Ribeiro, R. S. Mendes, L. C. Malacarne, S. P. Jr, P. A. Santoro, Dynamics of tournaments: the soccer case – A random walk approach modeling soccer leagues. The European Physical Journal B. 75, 8 (2010).
  7. A. Bejan, E. C. Jones, J. D. Charles, The evolution of speed in athletics: Why the fastest runners are black and swimmers white. International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics. 5, 199–211 (2010).
  8. A. Bejan, P. Haynsworth, The natural design of hierarchy: Basketball versus academics. International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics. 7, 14–26 (2012).
  9. A. Bejan et al., The constructal evolution of sports with throwing motion: baseball, golf, hockey and boxing. International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics. 8, 1–16 (2013).
  10. J. M. Martín González, Y. de Saá Guerra, J. M. García Manso, E. Arriaza, Design and flow in basketball. International journal of heat and technology. 34, 51–58 (2016).
  11. Y. de Saá Guerra et al., Exercise and Alzheimer’s: The body as a whole. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte (2017), doi:10.1016.
  12. J. M. Montoya Terán, R. V. Solé, M. Á. Rodríguez Fernández, La arquitectura de la naturaleza: complejidad y fragilidad en redes ecológicas (2001).
  13. H. E. Stanley, Scaling, universality, and renormalization: Three pillars of modern critical phenomena. Rev. Mod. Phys. 71, S358–S366 (1999).
  14. M. R. Yilmaz, S. Chatterjee, Patterns of NBA team performance from 1950 to 1998. Journal of Applied Statistics. 27, 555–566 (2000).
  15. T. McGarry, D. I. Anderson, S. A. Wallace, M. D. Hughes, I. M. Franks, Sport competition as a dynamical self-organizing system. J Sports Sci. 20, 771–781 (2002).
  16. T. Vicsek, Complexity: The bigger picture. Nature. 418, 131 (2002).
  17. R. Solé, B. Goodwin, Signs of life: how complexity pervades biology (Basic Books, 2002).
  18. M. Scheffer et al., Early-warning signals for critical transitions. Nature. 461, 53–59 (2009).

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